Causality & Lead-Lag in Markets
Who moves whom — Granger causality, transfer entropy, PCMCI discovery, and the causal ML toolbox (double ML, causal forests, synthetic control) applied to crypto markets.
- 01
Aug 7, 2026#causal-inferenceToda-Yamamoto vs Differenced Granger: Does the BTC Lead-Lag Survive?
Granger causality on crypto prices done two ways — differenced returns and Toda-Yamamoto on levels — with a correct Wald implementation, an effective-N corrected causality matrix, and a rolling-stability test of whether the lag is tradeable at all.
- 02
Aug 24, 2026#causal-inferenceTransfer Entropy: Which Way Does Information Flow Between Crypto Assets?
DCC-GARCH tells you when crypto dependence tightens. Transfer entropy tells you which way it points. A directed information-flow measure, its null calibration, and an honest account of what it does and does not add over average pairwise correlation.
- 03
Aug 18, 2026#causal-inferencePCMCI: Causal Discovery in Multivariate Crypto Time Series
How PCMCI's two-stage MCI test recovers directed causal links between crypto assets where correlation and bivariate Granger cannot — the construction, the tigramite pipeline, and the real-data study it still needs.
- 04
Aug 1, 2026#causal-inferenceट्रेडिंग में विषमधर्मी उपचार प्रभावों के लिए कॉज़ुअल फ़ॉरेस्ट
इस ब्लॉग पर हर बैकटेस्ट एक सशर्त माध्य का अनुमान लगाता है। कॉज़ुअल फ़ॉरेस्ट इसके बजाय एक सशर्त उपचार प्रभाव का अनुमान लगाते हैं — tau(x) mu(x) के बजाय — ईमानदार विभाजन, एक अनुकूली-कर्नेल वेट प्रतिनिधित्व और एक कैलिब्रेशन परीक्षण के साथ जो आपको बताता है कि क्या आपके द्वारा पाई गई विषमधर्मता वास्तविक है।
- 05
Aug 2, 2026#causal-inferenceडबल मशीन लर्निंग: रिटर्न की भविष्यवाणी के बजाय एक कारणीय पैरामीटर का अनुमान लगाना
इस ब्लॉग का हर मॉडल अब तक यह उत्तर देता है 'क्या क्या की भविष्यवाणी करता है?'। डबल एमएल उत्तर देता है 'क्या क्या का कारण बनता है?' — एक मानक त्रुटि के साथ जिसे आप बचा सकते हैं। आंशिक रूप से रेखीय मॉडल, Neyman orthogonality, ऑर्डर बुक डेटा पर purged cross-fitting, और ईमानदार खाता कि एक मान्य DML विश्वास अंतराल केवल एक पूर्व-निर्धारित प्रश्न पर बना रहता है।
- 06
Aug 10, 2026#causal-inferenceThe Other Way a Regression Lies: Endogeneity, 2SLS, and the Gamma Calibration Problem
Selection bias in the search is not the only way a regression fools you. When the regressor is correlated with the error, more data makes the estimate more confidently wrong. Instrumental variables applied to the one endogeneity problem this blog has already left open: permanent impact from net taker flow.
- 07
Aug 21, 2026#causal-inferenceSynthetic Control Methods for Evaluating Trading Strategies
This series has priced the selection route to a false edge — DSR prices the winner, PBO prices the search. Neither touches confounding: the strategy that made money because volatility doubled the week you deployed it. The Synthetic Control Method builds a weighted counterfactual from a donor pool of untouched instruments and gives you a falsification criterion and a placebo p-value.